As many Mac users know, starting with Mac OS X 10.15 (Catalina), Apple has decided to no longer support any 32-bit apps. Every app must be 64-bit. Apparently, starting with version 10.15.4, they are enforcing this so that if you try and run a 32-bit app, it gives a “Bad CPU” message.
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If you are using Catalina, you also will need to do some special steps to get the XMLmind XML Editor (that XLingPaper depends on) to run correctly. See this post for what to do.
Most of the apps that XLingPaper uses are 64-bit, but there is one crucial one that is not. This one is used when producing PDF (the default, XeLaTeX way). At this time, we are not planning on doing the massive amount of work that would be required to switch to a 64-bit version of XeLaTeX and the LaTeX macros XLingPaper needs in such a way that we do not introduce bugs. Our experiments have shown that using one 64-bit Mac version and its associated (newer) LaTeX macros often results in different PDF output or maybe even a failure to produce the PDF compared to the current 32-bit XeLaTeX and its associated LaTeX macros. Given the huge number of possible combinations of elements XLingPaper offers, such a process to check as many such combinations as possible is a large and time-consuming undertaking.
So what can you do if you find you have or need Catalina? Here are some possibilities:
- IPA Palette IPA Unicode Input Method for Mac OS X 10.2 (‘Jaguar’) and later. A free Unicode character palette input method for the International Phonetic Alphabet. This palette is compatible with the Hiragino font shipped with Mac OS, the font supplied by SIL, and other IPA Unicode fonts.The software enables point-and-click character entry into Unicode-compliant software under Mac OS X.
- There is no Mac OS version of Paratext. There are a variety of ways to create a virtual machine running Windows or Linux, so Paratext for Windows or for Linux can be installed in that machine. Please note that a virtual machine is treated just like any physical machine, in that you will need to purchase a Windows license from Microsoft in order.
- Keyman input tool is an opensource input mechanism developed by SIL. Download keyman for mac from here and install. You may follow the detailed documentation from their website. Double click the DMG file and drag and drop the Keyman app into the ‘Input Methods’ folder.
- To install other SIL fonts in Mac OS X: Save the download file to a temporary location on your hard disk. Double-click the download file. A folder with the same name as the download file will be created in the same location as the download file.
- Sign a petition asking Apple to support 32-bit apps on Catalina.
- Create what’s called a virtual machine on your Mac and install an older version of Mac OS X in that virtual machine. Then run XLingPaper in that virtual machine. See this YouTube video for how you might do this.
- If you already have FieldWorks Language Explorer (aka FLEx) installed in a Windows (or Linux) virtual machine, then download and install the Windows (or Linux) version of XLingPaper and use XLingPaper on that virtual machine.
- Create a virtual machine for Windows or Linux and then download and install the Windows or Linux version of XLingPaper on it. See this article for possible virtual machines to use.
Keyman Desktop is a multilingual virtual keyboard application. It enables a user to type in any of over 600 languages in Windows, Mac OS, Android, iOS, and Linux. Designed with the user in mind, it is the market-leading keyboard mapping solution.Well-supported across many operating systems, it brings a simple solution to the complexity of typing in a range of languages and scripts that are.
Webonary gives language groups the ability to put their bilingual or multilingual dictionaries on the web with a minimum of technical help. Each dictionary is built around a search bar, which looks for a word throughout the dictionary, and returns the most relevant results to the top of the list.
Features and Distinctives
The most distinctive characteristic of Webonary is its search bar. Looking for a word? Type it in the search, like an ordinary search engine.
The search returns results based on relevance. That is, if the word you are looking for is found in a headword, that will be more important than finding the word in a definition for another word. “Reversal indexes,” also called “gloss to vernacular,” can also be imported from FLEx into Webonary. Furthermore, the search can also be filtered for a specific language, if desired, or even by part of speech or semantic domain.
Informational pages can easily be made. Comments can be turned on or off.
Webonary uses WordPress code for a foundation, arguably the best known and best supported blogging software in the world. It is used by more than 56% of the sites that use a content management system uses WordPress. WordPress allows for endless variation using themes.
The software can run on Linux, Windows, or Mac.
Working Sites
Webonary has been evolving for a while now.
In a collaborative effort, The Cherokee Nation Foundation partnered with SIL International to develop the Cherokee Electronic Dictionary Project which the Cherokee said is “critical to the continuing revitalization of the Cherokee language.” This was the pilot project for Webonary, and proved to be a success.
The Nousu-Yi-Chinese-English Glossary is nearly complete. This site showcases Yi and Chinese scripts working together with the Roman script for English.
The Webonary WordPress theme webonary-zeedisplay can be used for an ordinary website or blog. We are using it for this site.
Availability
Webonary is available to all. Since it is built with WordPress, the code is open-source and licensed through GPL.
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Data Formats Supported
The following data formats are supported in Webonary:
FieldWorks
FieldWorks Language Exploror (FLEx) has the ability to export a Configured Dictionary in XHTML format. This file can be imported by Webonary.
Toolbox
You will need to convert your data to a format called 'LIFT XML.' The format is supported by FLEx and Lexique Pro. Quoting our friends who produced WeSay: “If your dictionary is very simple, you may be able to convert [your Toolbox data] to LIFT using Lexique Pro. A bit more complicated, and you should use FLEx. Finally, the average 10 year old linguist-produced Toolbox dictionary will probably need days of cleanup. We suggest using SOLID as the first stage of that, and the FLEx SFM import as the second stage. Due to SFM’s inherent inadequacies with respect to representing hierarchical data, this cleanup is often a ‘computer consultant’ level job.
Comparison to Lexique Pro
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Lexique Pro is a fine piece of software, one that some have used to put their dictionaries online. However, we had a number of reasons for creating Webonary.
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One was that Lexique Pro requires a computer to retrieve all the dictionary entries for a particular letter before it can display one entry, which can take a long time if the dictionary has a lot of entries. The approach Webonary uses allows fast searching for a single entry or even a single word.
Since Webonary is based on WordPress code, support is not limited to a single software developer. Millions of people use WordPress worldwide.
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Lexique Pro runs only on Windows. Webonary runs on Windows, Linux, and Mac.